Loyalty and Synergy in Social Innovation: “Pasar Teras Bersama (Integrated Organic and Inorganic Waste Processing, Environmentally Friendly, a Solution for Economically Vulnerable Communities, Involving Academics and the Private Sector, and Supporting Food Self-Sufficiency Programs)” in an Effort to Achieve Sustainable Waste Management and Support Food Security Programs

Adi Lukman Arifin — 2026-08-14

The Pasar Teras Bersama program is a social innovation initiative developed by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Banjarmasin that integrates organic and inorganic waste management, black soldier fly (BSF) maggot cultivation, fish farming, and the empowerment of food security groups and women farmers in Kuin Cerucuk Village. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program as an integrated waste management solution and its contribution to food security. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with an exploratory case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis of activity reports and program documents. The results indicate that the program achieved all assessed indicators (100%) and generated positive impacts across three dimensions. From an environmental perspective, the program successfully reduced waste volume through waste sorting and the utilization of organic waste as feed for BSF larvae and inorganic waste as planting media and materials for ecobricks. From an economic perspective, the program generated an increase in group income of IDR 4,000,000 among the five participating members, strengthened operational assets, and reduced dependence on donations. From a social perspective, the program strengthened community participation and multi-stakeholder collaboration among the company, local government, academics, and community members. This study concludes that the Pasar Teras Bersama program has proven to be an effective CSR-based social innovation model for strengthening community resilience, improving community welfare, and supporting sustainable development through circular economy practices and strategic partnerships. The program’s success is closely linked to the synergy among stakeholders, indicating that this model has the potential to be replicated in other areas facing similar waste management, food security, and socioeconomic challenges.

A Legal Analysis of Conditional Death Penalty in the New Indonesian Criminal Code

Claudia Elza Tjandra — 2026-08-14

This study examines the regulation of the conditional death penalty under Indonesia’s new Criminal Code, focusing on its legal basis, implementation mechanisms, and legal and social implications. The conditional death penalty refers to a death sentence subject to a ten-year probationary period pursuant to Articles 98–102 of Law Number 1 of 2023, as amended by Law Number 1 of 2026. This normative juridical study employs doctrinal legal analysis of relevant legislation and legal literature. The findings indicate that the death penalty is regulated as an alternative punishment of a special nature and as a measure of last resort. During the probationary period, the death sentence may not be carried out. If the convicted person demonstrates commendable conduct and behavior during this period, the death sentence may be commuted to life imprisonment by Presidential Decree after consideration by the Supreme Court. Article 101 further provides for the commutation of the death sentence to life imprisonment by Presidential Decree if the convicted person’s application for clemency has been rejected and the death sentence has not been carried out for ten years for reasons other than the convicted person’s escape. Article 102 stipulates that procedures for carrying out the death penalty must be regulated by law. The effective implementation of the conditional death penalty therefore requires a clear and coherent legal framework, objective assessment criteria, institutional readiness, and consistent enforcement to ensure legal certainty and procedural safeguards.

Journal Transnational Universal Studies

A Legal Analysis of Conditional Death Penalty in the New Indonesian Criminal Code