Meta-Analytic Review of Knowledge-Oriented Leadership and Human Resource Development: Pathways to Sustainable Competitive Advantage in the Industry Sector

Abstract

In an increasingly competitive industrial landscape, organizations must enhance leadership and human resource capabilities to drive innovation and sustain long-term competitive advantage. This reserach examines the relationship between knowledge-oriented leadership, human resource development, and organizational innovation in achieving sustainable competitive advantage in the industry sector. The research aims to assess how leadership and HR development contribute to innovation and long-term competitiveness. Using a meta-analytic approach, this reserach analyzes 30 empirical articles indexed in Scopus Q1–Q3 from Springer, Wiley, MDPI, and Taylor & Francis. Articles were identified through keywords such as "Knowledge-Oriented Leadership," "Human Resource Development," and "Industry Sector." Data were processed using meta-analysis techniques, including forest and funnel plots, to measure the strength and consistency of relationships among variables. The results indicate that knowledge-oriented leadership and human resource development significantly enhance organizational innovation, thereby reinforcing sustainable competitive advantage. The forest and funnel plot scores, averaging around 0.5, suggest a moderate but positive correlation within the industry sector. These findings emphasize the need for industry leaders to strengthen leadership competencies and invest in human resource development to foster continuous innovation. The reserach also calls for future research to explore additional moderating variables that may further influence these relationships.